Psychomotor Domain
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The
psychomotor domain includes physical movement, coordination, and use
of the motor-skill areas. Development of these skills requires
practice and is measured in terms of speed, precision, distance,
procedures, or techniques in execution. The seven major categories
are listed from the simplest behavior to the most complex:
Category
|
Example and Key Words
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| Perception:
The ability to use sensory cues to guide motor activity.
This ranges from sensory stimulation, through cue selection,
to translation. |
Examples:
Detects non-verbal communication cues. Estimate where a ball
will land after it is thrown and then moving to the correct
location to catch the ball. Adjusts heat of stove to correct
temperature by smell and taste of food. Adjusts the height
of the forks on a forklift by comparing where the forks are
in relation to the pallet. Key Words: chooses,
describes, detects, differentiates, distinguishes,
identifies, isolates, relates, selects. |
| Set:
Readiness to act. It includes mental, physical, and
emotional sets. These three sets are dispositions that
predetermine a person's response to different situations
(sometimes called mindsets). |
- Examples: Knows and acts upon a sequence of
steps in a manufacturing process. Recognize one's
abilities and limitations. Shows desire to learn a new
process (motivation). NOTE: This subdivision of
Psychomotor is closely related with the "Responding to
phenomena" subdivision of the Affective domain.
Key Words: begins, displays, explains, moves,
proceeds, reacts, shows, states, volunteers. |
| Guided
Response: The early stages in learning a complex skill
that includes imitation and trial and error. Adequacy of
performance is achieved by practicing. |
Examples:
Performs a mathematical equation as demonstrated. Follows
instructions to build a model. Responds hand-signals of
instructor while learning to operate a forklift.
Key Words: copies, traces, follows, react,
reproduce, responds |
| Mechanism:
This is the intermediate stage in learning a complex
skill. Learned responses have become habitual and the
movements can be performed with some confidence and
proficiency. |
Examples:
Use a personal computer. Repair a leaking faucet. Drive a
car. Key Words: assembles, calibrates, constructs,
dismantles, displays, fastens, fixes, grinds, heats,
manipulates, measures, mends, mixes, organizes, sketches. |
| Complex
Overt Response: The skillful performance of motor acts
that involve complex movement patterns. Proficiency is
indicated by a quick, accurate, and highly coordinated
performance, requiring a minimum of energy. This category
includes performing without hesitation, and automatic
performance. For example, players are often utter sounds of
satisfaction or expletives as soon as they hit a tennis ball
or throw a football, because they can tell by the feel of
the act what the result will produce. |
Examples: Maneuvers
a car into a tight parallel parking spot. Operates a
computer quickly and accurately. Displays competence while
playing the piano. Key Words: assembles, builds,
calibrates, constructs, dismantles, displays, fastens,
fixes, grinds, heats, manipulates, measures, mends, mixes,
organizes, sketches.
NOTE: The Key Words are the same as Mechanism, but will
have adverbs or adjectives that indicate that the
performance is quicker, better, more accurate, etc. |
| Adaptation:
Skills are well developed and the individual can modify
movement patterns to fit special requirements. |
Examples: Responds
effectively to unexpected experiences. Modifies instruction
to meet the needs of the learners. Perform a task with a
machine that it was not originally intended to do (machine
is not damaged and there is no danger in performing the new
task). Key Words: adapts, alters, changes,
rearranges, reorganizes, revises, varies. |
| Origination:
Creating new movement patterns to fit a particular situation
or specific problem. Learning outcomes emphasize creativity
based upon highly developed skills. |
Examples: Constructs
a new theory. Develops a new and comprehensive training
programming. Creates a new gymnastic routine. Key Words:
arranges, builds, combines, composes, constructs, creates,
designs, initiate, makes, originates |
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Table accessed from
http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/bloom.html#three on
May 8, 2007.
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