list 4 bit --- canvas
bit [bIt] n. 钻头
the jaws of tongs or pincers
bit:drill=blade:razor
钻头:钻=刀刃:刮胡刀（部分与整体关系）
Sample:I lost one of the bits for my drill.
bland [blAnd] adj. 温和的,乏味的,冷漠的
not irritating, stimulating, or invigorating:SOOTHING
tangy<>bland
刺激的<>温和的
Synonyms:
GENTLE , balmy, faint,
lenient, mild, smooth, soft
Sample:The Thai restaurant offered an unusual
gustatory experience for those used in a bland cuisine.
blandishment [`blAndIFmEnt
] n.奉承
something that tends to coax or
cajole:ALLUREMENT
blandishment:coax=medal:honor
甜言蜜语哄骗:哄骗=奖牌:荣誉 （事物及其表达的含义）
blandishment:coax＝threat:intimidate
哄骗:哄骗=威胁:胁迫（事物及其表达的含义）
blandishment<>threat
奉承<>威胁
Synonyms: FLATTERY, adulation, blarney, incense, oil,
soft soap
Sample:Despite the salesperson's blandishments, the
customer did not buy the outfit.
blase [5blB:zei]
adj. 对享乐 【人生】 等厌倦的, 冷漠的，无动于衷的
apathetic to
pleasure or excitement as a result of excessive indulgence or enjoyment
miser:munificent=zealot:blase
吝啬鬼:慷慨的=狂热分子:冷漠的（人及其反面特征）
Synonyms: SOPHISTICATED, disenchanted, disentranced,
disillusioned, mondaine, sophisticate, worldly
Sample:Your blase attitude gives your students an
erroneous impression of the joys of scholarship.
blaspheme [blAs5fi:m] vt.vi. 辱骂，亵渎
to speak of or address with irreverence
Sample:The people in the room were shocked by his
his blasphemous language.
blast [blAst]
n.一阵(风), 一股(气流), 爆炸, 冲击波
a violent gust of wind
blast:whiff=gush:trickle
大风吹:轻吹=涌出:滴流（程度类比）
Sample:The blast furnace had a special opening at
the bottom to allow the workers to remove the worthless slag.
blatant [5bleitEnt]
adj. 喧哗的，无耻的
completely
obvious, conspicuous, or obtrusive especially in a crass or offensive
manner:BRAZEN
ambiguous:understand=blatant:ignore
模棱两可的:了解=喧哗的，明显的:忽略（形容词及其反面目的动作）
blatant:arresting=odious:disgusting
喧闹的:引人注意的=讨厌的:厌恶的（形容词及其正面目的动作）
blatant<>inconspicuous/unimpressive/unobtrusive
喧哗的，无耻的<>不明显的/无印象的/客气的，谦虚的
blatant<>subtle
喧闹的<>细微的
blatant<>unobtrusive
炫耀的<>谦虚的
Synonyms: VOCIFEROUS, boisterous, obstreperous, vociferant
Sample:Caught in a blatant lie, the scoundrel had
only one regret:he wished that he had lied more subtly.
blazon [5bleIz(E)n]
vt. 以家徽装饰，宣布 n. 纹章
to publish widely:PROCLAIM
alliterate:remove=blazon:efface
押头韵:删除=画纹章:拭除（消除关系）
blazon:adorn=pillar:support
纹章:装饰=柱子:支持（事物及其功能）
blazon<>efface
宣布<>抹掉
diffidence<>blazonness
缺乏自信<>夸示
Sample:The company name is
emblazoned in big letters on their office building.
bleach [bli:tF] vt. 漂白
to remove color or stains from
Synonyms:
WHITEN, blanch, blench,
decolor, decolorize, white
Sample:The sun bleached the curtains hanging out to dry.
blemish [5blemIF]
v. 损害，玷污n. 瑕疵，缺点
to spoil by a flaw
blemish:impeccable=guile:artless
缺点:没有缺点的=诡计:朴实的（反面特征）
anomaly:paradigmatic=blemish:flawless
异常:典范的=缺点:无缺点的（反面特征）
unequivocable:ambiguous=spotless:blemish
不含糊的:模糊的=无污点的:污点 （反义关系）
pristine:blemish=??
质朴的:腐朽=??
blighted<>unblemished
毁坏的,枯萎的<>无损坏的
tainted<>unblemished
有污点的<>无瑕疵的
Synonyms: INJURE, damage, harm, hurt, impair, mar,
prejudice, spoil, tarnish, vitiate
Sample:That report was so poor it will certainly
leave a blemish on his record.
blight [blaIt] n. 植物枯萎病 v. 使…枯萎
a disease or injury of plants resulting in withering, cessation of growth,
and death of parts without rotting
blighted<>hale/sound
枯萎的<>强壮的，健壮的
blighted<>robust
毁灭的，枯萎的<>健康的
blighted<>unblemished
毁坏的,枯萎的<>无损坏的
Sample:Far from undermining the impression of
permanent decline, the tawdry statue seemed emblematic of its blighted
surroundings.
bliss [blIs] n.狂喜, 福佑, 天赐的福
complete happiness
dislike:loathing=pleasure:bliss
讨厌:非常厌恶=愉快:幸福（程度类比）
Synonyms:
HAPPINESS, beatitude,
blessedness
Sample:Their dreams of conjugal bliss were shattered
as soon as their temperaments clashed.
blunder [5blQndE(r)] v.跌跌撞撞地走, 犯大错, 做错 n．愚蠢之举
a gross error or mistake resulting usually from
stupidity, ignorance, or carelessness
protocol:blunder=bumper:damage
外交礼节:愚蠢之举=保险杆:损坏（消除/避免关系）
Synonyms:
ERROR, boner, bungle, lapse,
mistake, slip, trip
Sample:The criminal's fatal blunder led to his capture.
blunt [blQnt] adj. 钝的，坦率的，麻痹的 vt. 使变钝
to make less sharp or definite
attenuation:strength=bluntness:sharpness
降低:浓度=使钝:尖锐 (动宾关系)
blunt<>whet
使变钝<>使磨快，使兴奋
Synonyms:
DULL, disedge, obtund
Sample:Although he was blunt and gruff with most
people, he was always gentle with children.
blur [blE:] v.涂污, 污损(名誉等), 把(界线,视线等)弄得模糊不清, 弄污
to make indistinct
and hazy in outline or appearance; obscure
blur:definition=subjugate:independence
使模糊:清晰度=使屈服:独立
(反义关系)
Sample:
Without her glasses, Gretchen saw the
fields of tulips as a variegated blur.
Synonyms: TAINT, besmear, besmirch, discolor,
smear, smudge, smutch, stain, tar, tarnish
blurb [bl\:b] n. 简介，推荐广告印在书籍封套上的简介
A brief publicity notice, as on a book
jacket.
blurb:notice=gloss:explanation
简介:布告=简要注释:解释（种属,特征:简要）【注:gloss:a brief explanation】
blurb:notice=cameo:appearance
简介:布告=特写:表演出场 （种属） 【注:A
brief but dramatic appearance of a prominent actor, as in a single scene of a
motion picture.】
Synonyms:
PUFF , plug, write-up
Sample:The famous writer wrote a blurb about the
new author to put on the book jacket.
blurt [bl\:t] vt.未加思索地冲口说出, 突然说出
to utter abruptly and
impulsively ? usually used with out
flit:move=blurt:utter
迅速飞过:移动:突然说出:出声 （快:正常）
Synonyms: EXCLAIM, blat, bolt, cry out, ejaculate
Sample:Before she could stop him, he blurted out the news.
bluster [5blQstE(r)]
vt. 风狂吹，咆哮，汹涌
to talk or act with noisy swaggering threats
blustering:speak=swaggering:walk
吵闹的:说话=大摇大摆的走:走路（种属关系）
pontificate:pompous=scoff:derisive=drawl:slow=bluster:loud=prate:aimless
装模做样地说话:华而不实的=嘲笑:嘲笑的=懒洋洋的说话:缓慢的=咆哮:高声的=闲聊:无目的的
Synonyms:
ROAR, bawl, bellow, clamor,
rout
boding [`bEJdIN] n. 凶兆，前兆，预感 adj. 凶兆的
an omen, prediction, or presentiment especially of
coming evil:PORTENT ,FOREBODING
auspicious<>boding ill
吉祥的<>凶兆的
Synonyms: OMINOUS, baleful, baneful, fateful,
ill-omened, inauspicious, unlucky, unpropitious
boggle [5bR^(E)l] vi. 犹豫，踌躇，吃惊，搪塞
to hesitate because of doubt, fear, or
scruples
boggle<>embolden
犹豫<>使勇敢
Synonyms: DEMUR, balk, gag, jib, scruple, shy, stickle,
stumble
Sample:The U.S. government's debt is so huge that it boggles
the mind.
boisterous [5bCIstErEs] adj. 喧闹的，欢闹的
noisily turbulent:ROWDY
boisterous<>quiet
喧闹的<>安静的
Synonyms:
VOCIFEROUS, blatant,
clamorous
Sample:The unruly crowd became even more boisterous
when he tried to quiet them.
bolster [`bEJlstE(r)
] n. 枕垫v. 支持，鼓励
a structural part
designed to eliminate friction or provide support or bearing
bolster:support=tackle:hoist
支撑物:支撑=吊索:升（事物及其功能）
adulterate:pure=bolster/brace:weak
掺假:纯净=振作精神:虚弱 （减轻或消除关系）
bolster:strength=whet:sharpness
支持:力量＝磨快:锋利（动作及其增加对象）
thwart<>foment/foster/bolster
阻挠<>煽动/鼓励/支持
Synonyms: SUPPORT, bear up, brace, buttress, carry,
prop, shore (up), sustain, upbear, uphold
Sample:The debaters amassed file boxes full of
evidence to bolster their arguments.
bombast [5bRmbAst] n. 夸大的言辞
pretentious inflated speech or writing
nonsensical:drivel=pompous:bombast
无意义的:胡说=自大的:夸大的言辞（语言及其正面特征）
bombast:pompous=tirade:critical
夸大其辞的话:夸大的(自负的)=长篇攻击性言论:批评的（语言及其正面特征）
pompous:bombast=exaggerated:hyperbole
浮夸的:夸大的言辞=夸大的:夸张法 （事物及其正面特征）
bumptious:bombast=exaggerative:hyperbole
盲目自大的:夸大的言辞=夸张的:夸张法（名词及其正面特征）
bombast<>down to earth language/understated
夸大的言辞<>实事求是的话语/低估的
Synonyms: fustian, highfalutin, rant, rhapsody,
rhetoric, rodomontade
Sample:Filled with bombast, the orator's speech left
the audience more impressed with his pomposity than with his logic.
bonhomie [bRnE5mi:] n. 好性情,温和,和蔼
good-natured easy friendliness
genial:bonhomie=diplomatic:tact
温和的:温和 =有策略的:机智，策略（正面特征）
bonus [5bEJnEs] n. 奖金,红利
something in addition to what is expected or
strictly due
bonus:employee={decoration:soldier}
奖金:雇员=勋章:战士（奖励关系）
CF:onus（n．义务，责任）
Sample:I didn't think anyone would remember my birthday, so when all my
friends sent cards it was a real bonus.
boo [5bu:] v.作嘘声, 嘘（某人）用嘘声表示不满、蔑视或反对
to deride especially by uttering boo
snare<>boo
诱捕<>轰赶
boon [bu:n] n.恩惠, 实惠, 福利
BENEFIT, FAVOR
boon<>misfortune
恩惠<>灾祸
Synonyms: GIFT , benevolence, compliment, favor, largess, present
Sample:Having a good library at the
school is a boon for the students.
boor [bJE(r)] n. 粗野的人,不懂礼貌的人,农民
a rude or insensitive person
insensitive:boor=mischievous:imp
感觉迟钝的:粗野的人=淘气的:顽童 ( 人物及其正面特征)
sensitive:boor=sagacity:simpleton
敏感的:粗野的人=聪明:笨蛋 （人物及其反面特征）
Synonyms: chuff, churl, clodhopper, clown
Sample:Though Mr. Potts constantly interrupted his wife, she ignored his boorish behavior, for she had lost hope of teaching him courtesy.
bootless [`bU:tlIs] adj. 无用的,无益者
USELESS, UNPROFITABLE
bootless:futility=effulgent:resplendence
无用的:无益的=辉煌的:灿烂的 （同义关系）
interesting:intriguing=bootless:futile
有趣的:有趣的=无用的:无用的（同义关系）
bootless:futility=void:empty
无用的:无益的=空洞的:空的 （同义关系）
Synonyms: FUTILE, abortive, fruitless, ineffective, ineffectual, unavailable, unavailing, unproductive, useless, vain
bore [bC:(r)] vt. 使烦扰,钻孔
to make a hole by or as if by boring
die:shaping=drill:boring
冲模:整形=钻子:打洞 （工具及其作用）
entrance<>disappoint/disgust/repel/repulse/bore
使人入神的<>使失望/令人厌恶/抵制/厌恶/使烦扰
food:hunger=stimulator:boredom
食物:饥饿=刺激物:厌倦 （事物及其消除对象）
Synonyms: ENNUI, pall, tire, weary, PERFORATE, drill, prick, punch, puncture
Sample:The debate coach warned her student not to bore the audience by belaboring his point.
bottleneck [5bCtl7nek] n.瓶颈
the narrow part of a bottle near the top
bottleneck<>indefinite
瓶颈的<>无限制的
bough [baJ] n. 大树枝
a branch of a tree; especially :a main branch
Synonyms: LIMB, branch
bound [baJnd] n.跃进, 跳, 范围, 限度
a:to make secure
by tying b:to confine, restrain,
or restrict as if with bonds c:to
put under an obligation d:to
constrain with legal authority
boundless<>limited
没有限制的<>有限制的
boundary<>unrestrained
边界<>没有限制的 【注:词性不符】
Sample:bough of the pine tree broke and fell to the ground.
box [bRks] vi. 拳击
to fight with the fists:engage in boxing
box:fight:debate:argue
拳击:对抗=争论:辩论 （种属）
Synonyms: SLAP, blip, buffet, cuff, smack, spank
bracing [5breEsIN] adj. 增加气力的,令人振奋的,提神的,使心神清爽的
giving strength, vigor, or freshness
bracing<>vapid
令人振奋的<>无趣味的
denounce<>brace
指责<>支持
hypnotic<>bracing
催眠的<>给以力量，支撑
soporific<>bracing
催眠的<>令人鼓舞的
Synonyms: INVIGORATING, animating, exhilarating, exhilarative, quickening, stimulating, stimulative, tonic, vitalizing
Sample:The cold air of autumn is bracing.
bracket [5brAkIt] n. 支架,括弧,托架
an overhanging member that projects from a structure (as a wall) and is usually designed to support a vertical load or to strengthen an angle
buttress:wall=bracket:shelf
扶壁:墙壁=支架:架子 （事物及其支持物）
Synonyms: JOIN , associate, combine, conjoin, connect, couple, link, relate, unite, wed
Sample:That doctor's salary is in the top tax bracket.
brackish [5brAkIF] adj. 有盐味的,可厌的
REPULSIVE
brackish:repulse=??
可厌的:厌恶=?? （形容词及其动词的同义关系）
Sample:He found the only wells in the area were brackish; drinking the water made him nauseous.
braggadocio [9brA^E`dEJtFIEJ] n.自夸, 吹牛大王
a:empty boasting
b:arrogant pretension:COCKINESS
Synonyms:
BRAGGART, blower, blowhard, boaster,
bragger, puckfist, vaunter
Sample:He was disliked because his manner was always full of braggadocio.
braid [breId] v.编织
made by intertwining three or more strands
grooved:striated=braided:stranded
开槽的:有条纹的=编织成的:梳成辫子的 （同义关系）
Sample:She wears her hair in a braid.
brake [breIk] n. 刹车,阻碍,丛林
to retard or stop by a brake
divert:shunt=retard:brake
转移:使转轨=减速:刹车 （动作及其目的）
brake:decelerate=clamp:compression
刹车:减数=夹子:压缩 （工具及其作用）
Synonyms: HINDER, bar, block, dam, impede, obstruct
Sample:The public put the brakes on using coins instead of paper money.
brash [brAF] adj. 性急的,仓促的,无礼的,傲慢的
done in haste without regard for consequences
frivolous:gravity=brash:discretion
无关紧要的:严重或重大=轻率的;鲁莽的:慎重周到 （形容词与名词的反义关系）
candor:subterfuge=brash:deliberate
直率:托词=仓促:深思熟虑 （反义关系）
Synonyms: RASH, hasty, hot-headed, ill-advised, incautious, inconsiderate, mad-brained, madcap, reckless, thoughtless
Sample:The brash insurance salesman invaded the sacrosanct privacy of the office of the president of the company.
brassy [5brB:sI] adj. 似黄铜的,厚脸皮的
being shamelessly bold
diffident<>brassy
羞怯的<>厚脸皮的
furtive<>open/forthright/brassy
秘密的<>公开的/直率的/厚脸皮的
brassy<>humble
厚脸皮的<>谦逊的
brassy<>unassertive
厚脸皮的<>谦逊的
brassy<>diffident
厚脸皮的<>缺乏自信的
Synonyms: SHAMELESS, arrant, barefaced, blatant, brazen, brazenfaced, impudent, overbold, unabashed, unblushing
Sample:New Yorkers have a stereotype as being loud and brassy, but I find them to be very friendly.
brattish
[`brAtIF] adj. (指小孩) 讨厌的; 宠坏的; 不听话的; 不礼貌的
an ill-mannered annoying child
tightfisted:parsimonious=brattish:mischievous
吝啬的:过度节俭的=淘气的:恶作剧的 (程度类比)
bravura [brE5vJErE] adj. 雄壮华丽的,气势磅礴的
marked by an ostentatious display of skill
bravura:performance=resplendent:appearance
优秀技巧的:表演=华丽的:外表（形容词修饰名词）
bray [breI] v. 大声而刺耳地发出（叫唤或声音）
to emit (an utterance or a sound) loudly and harshly
Sample:The donkey brayed and would not move.
brazen [5breIz(E)n] adj. 黄铜制的,厚颜无耻的
marked by contemptuous boldness
impudence:brazen=deadpan:impassive
厚颜无耻:厚颜无耻的=无表情的脸:冷漠的 （ 名词及其形容词的同义关系）
impudence:brazenness=recalcitrant:stubbornness
厚颜无耻:厚颜无耻=顽固：固执（同义关系）
brazen<>modest
厚颜无耻的<>羞怯的
brazen<>self effacing
厚颜无耻的<>害羞的
brazen<>diffident
厚颜无耻的<>缺乏自信的
Synonyms: SHAMELESS, arrant, barefaced, blatant, brassy, brazenfaced, impudent, overbold, unabashed, unblushing, brassy
Sample:We could see by his brazen attitude that he was impenitent.
breach [bri:tF] v. 毁坏，泄密 n. 缺口
to make a breach in
breach:continuity=disturb:repose
破坏:连续性 =扰乱:休息 （动宾关系）
breach<>solder
毁坏<>补修
solder<>breach
焊合<>破裂
Synonyms: GAP , break, discontinuity, hole, opening, fissure, fracture, rent, rift, rupture, schism, split, hiatus, interim, interruption, interval
Sample:They found a breach in the enemy's fortifications and penetrated their lines.
breezeway [`bri:zweI] n. 有屋顶的通路
a roofed often open passage connecting two buildings (as a house and garage) or halves of a building
breezeway:building=stairway:floor
有屋顶的通路:建筑物=楼梯:楼层 （建筑物及其通道）
brevity [5brevItI] n.简短,简洁
shortness or conciseness of expression
brevity:aphorism=distortion:caricature
简短:箴言=歪曲:滑稽模仿（事物及其特征）
exaggeration:caricature=brevity:epigram
夸张:讽刺画=简短:箴言 （事物及其特征）
brevity<>lengthiness
简短<>冗长
Synonyms: shortness ,conciseness
Sample:brevity is essential when you send a telegram or cablegram; you are charged for every word.
bribe [braIb] v. & n. 贿赂，收买
to induce or influence by or as if by bribery
bribe:incorruptible=affect:insensible {hear:uncommunicative}
贿赂:不腐败的=感动:无知觉的 （行为及其反面特征）
Sample:Although competitors offered him bribes, he refused to disclose any information about his company's forthcoming product.
bridle [5braId(E)l] v. 限制,阻止
to restrain, check, or control with or as if with a bridle
bridled<>without restraint
受限制的<>没有限制的
Sample:She bridled at the idea of spending so much money.
brisk [brIsk] adj. 敏锐的,凛冽的,活泼的
keenly alert:LIVELY
ponderous<>lively/vibrant/brisk
沉闷的<>活泼的/活跃的/活泼的
Synonyms: AGILE, active, lively, nimble, sprightly, spry, yare, zippy
Sample:brisk wind blew through our hair.
bristle [5brIs(E)l] n. 硬毛 v. 气势汹汹，直立,发怒,充满
to take on an aggressive attitude or appearance (as in response to a slight)
bristle<>cower
发怒<>畏缩
bristle:anger=vacillate:unresolution { condone:mercy} {condemn:warning}
发怒:愤怒=忧郁不定:不坚决{ 赦免:仁慈} {谴责:警告} （行为及其表达的情感）
Synonyms: ANGER, blow up, boil, boil over, burn, flare (up), fume, rage, seethe
Sample:The dog bristled at the sight of the cat.
brittle [5brIt(E)l] adj. 易碎的,脆弱的,易坏的
easily broken, cracked, or snapped
manifest:perceive=brittle:break
明白的:理解=易碎的:破碎 (事物特征及其被动特性)
Synonyms: SHORT, crisp, crumbly, crump, crunchy, friable
Sample:The brittle fronds of the Boston fern break easily and become brown, so that the overall appearance of the plant is ruined unless the broken fronds are cut off.
broach [brEJtF] v. ①开瓶 ②提出(问题)
to open for the first time
broach<>close off
打开<>关闭
Synonyms: BROOCH, clip, pin, bring up, introduce, moot, ventilate
Sample:He did not even try to broach the subject of poetry.
bromide [5brEJmaId] n. 溴化物（镇静药用），平庸的人或物
a commonplace or hackneyed statement or notion
equivocation:misleading=bromide:hackneyed
模棱两可的话:易引起误解的=平庸的人或物:不新奇的 （事物及其正面特征）
bromide<>unhackneyed
平庸的人或物<>新奇的 【注:词性不符】
Synonyms: COMMONPLACE, banality, platitude, rubber stamp, shibboleth, tag, truism
Sample:"Have a nice day" is a bromide.
browbeat [5braJbi:t] vt. (用神情、言词) 威吓; 严词厉色地斥责
instigator:incite=bully:browbeat
煽动者:激励:欺凌弱小者:威吓 （人物及其正面特征）
Synonyms: INTIMIDATE, bludgeon, bluster, bulldoze, bully, cow, dragoon, hector
Sample:Billy resisted Ted's attempts to browbeat him into handing over his lunch money.
bruit [5bru:t] vt. 散播
to noise abroad:REPORT
bruit<>keep secret
散播<>保持秘密
Synonyms: DECLARE, advertise, announce, annunciate, blaze (abroad), blazon, broadcast, proclaim, promulgate, publish
buck [bQk] n. ①雄鹿 ②美元 v. (马)跳跃，反对,吹牛,闲聊
to refuse assent:BALK
buck<>assent to
反对<>赞成
Synonyms: RESIST, combat, contest, dispute, duel, fight, oppose, repel, traverse, withstand
Sample:She bucks making changes in her way of doing things.
bucolic [bju:5kRlIk] adj. 乡村的，牧羊的
relating to or typical of rural life
hovel:palatial=city:bucolic
小屋:宏伟的=城市:田园生活的 （事物及其反面特征）
palatial:hovel=bucolic:city
宏伟的:小屋=乡村的:城市 （反面特征）
palatial:hovel=bucolic:metropolis
宏伟的:小屋=乡村的:大都市 （事物及其反面特征）
bucolic<>urban
乡村的<>都市的
bucolic<>sophisticated
质朴的<>精明的
Synonyms: RURAL, agrestic, campestral, countrified, country, out-country, outland, pastoral, provincial, rustic
Sample:The meadow was the scene of bucolic gaiety.
budge [bQdV] vi. 移动,微微一动,放弃
to give way:YIELD
palter:candor=diehard:budge
含糊其词:直率=顽固分子:放弃 （人物及其反面特征动作）
vagary:predict=diehard:budge
奇特行为:预知=顽固的人:动摇 （事物特征及其反面被动行为）
hidebound:innovation=diehard:budge
死板的:创新=顽固分子:放弃（形容词与名词的反义关系）
Sample:Negotiations between the union and the employers have reached a stalemate; neither side is willing to budge from previously stated positions.
buffer [5bQfE(r)] v. 缓冲，为…冲当缓冲器
to lessen the shock of:CUSHION
buffer:impact=??
缓冲:冲击=??
Sample:The mountains are a <n.> buffer against the storms from the sea.
buffoon [bQ5fu:n] n.丑角，缺乏教养之人
a ludicrous figure:CLOWN
ludicrous:buffoon=dissolute:libertine=humorous:wag
可笑的:丑角=放纵的:放荡不羁的人=幽默的:爱说笑打趣的人（人极其所具有的性格特征）
inexperience:neophyte=ludicrous:buffoon
缺乏经验:新手=可笑的:扮演丑角的人 (人物及其正面特征)
Synonyms: CLOWN, harlequin, zany
Sample:His strut as he marched about the parade
ground revealed him for what he was:a pompous buffoon.
bulge [bQldV] n. 凸出部分
a protuberant or swollen part or
place
bulge<>depressed region
凸出部分<>凹陷部分
Synonyms: PROJECTION, jut, outthrust, protrusion, protuberance
Sample: A ganglionic cyst is a fluid-filled tumor (generally benign) that develops near a joint membrane or tendon sheath, and that bulges beneath the skin, forming a protuberance.
bully [5bJlI] n. 欺凌弱小者,土霸
one habitually cruel to others who are weaker
instigator:incite=bully:browbeat
煽动者:激励=欺凌弱小者:威吓 （人物及其正面特征）
bully:intimidate=stupid:gullibility { dupe:duplicity }
欺凌弱小者:威吓=笨人:轻信 （人物及其特征行为）
sabotage:subvertness=bull:intimidation {
dupe:duplicity }
阴谋破坏:颠覆=暴力强迫:胁迫 （行为及其目标）
bully:scare=??
欺负:恐吓=??
underdog<>bully
受害者<>欺凌弱小者
Synonyms: browbeater, bulldozer, harasser, harrier, hector, intimidator
Sample:The bully mistreated everyone in the class with impunity for he felt that no one would dare retaliate.
bumper [5bQmpE(r)] n. 缓冲器,满杯,丰收
a device for absorbing shock or preventing damage
protocol:blunder=bumper:damage
外交礼节:大错误=缓冲器:伤害 (防止关系)
Sample:The car bumper hit the wall.
bumptious [5bQmpFEs] adj. 瞎自夸的,瞎自大的,傲慢的
presumptuously, obtusely, and often noisily self-assertive:OBTRUSIVE
dour:geniality=bumptious:humbleness
严厉的:亲切=傲慢的:谦逊（反义关系）
impetuous:vacillation/hesitation=bumptious:humbleness
冲动的:犹豫=傲慢的:谦逊（反义关系）
bumptious:assertive=garish:colourful{compendious:succinct}{exuberant:happy}
盲目自大的:武断的=过分装饰的:华丽的（褒贬程度类比）【注：判分数据确认】
bumptious:bombast=exaggerative:hyperbole
盲目自大的:夸大的言辞=夸张的:夸张法（名词及其正面特征）
bumptious<>humble
傲慢的<>谦逊的
bungle [5bQN^(E)l] vt.vi. 拙劣地工作,粗制滥造,失败
to act or work clumsily and awkwardly
bungle<>bring off
失败<>大成功
Synonyms: ERROR, blooper, blunder, boner, bull, fluff, lapse, mistake, slip
Sample:I was afraid you would bungle his assignment but I had no one else to send.
buoy [bCI] vt. 使浮起,支撑,鼓励 SUPPORT, UPLIFT
buoyed<>unsupported
支撑的<>没有支持的
Synonyms: SUPPORT, bolster, prop, sustain, uphold
Sample:The coach used all the tricks at his command to buoy up the enthusiasm of his team, which I had become dispirited at the loss of the star player.
buoyant [5bCIEnt] adj．易浮的，快乐的．
a:capable of floating
b:CHEERFUL, GAY
bend:rigid=submerge:buoyant=dissolve:insoluble
弯曲:坚硬的=没入水中:上浮的=溶解:不溶的（反义关系）
buoyant:float=heavy:drop
上浮的:漂浮=重的:落下 (容易实现)
hangdog<>buoyant
低贱的<>快乐的 【对应不工整】
buoyant<>sink
有浮力的<>下沉 【词性不符】
aggrieved<>buoyant
痛苦的<>高兴的
buoyant<>leaden
轻快的<>沉重的
Synonyms: ELASTIC, airy, bouncy, effervescent, expansive, resilient, volatile
Sample:She has a buoyant personality.
burgeon [5b\:dV(E)n] v. 迅速成长，发展
to grow and expand rapidly:FLOURISH
burgeon<>wither
萌芽<>枯萎
burgeon<>subdue
萌芽<>压制
burgeoning<>waning
迅速生长的<>慢慢衰减的
bergeon<>wast away
生长<>浪费
Synonyms: INCREASE , augment, build, enlarge, expand, heighten, mount, multiply, run up, snowball
Sample:With the burgeoning of scientific knowledge, work on the new edition of a textbook begins soon after completion of the original.
burial [5berIEl] n.安葬，埋葬，埋藏
the act or process of burying
inter:burial=obliterate:removal
埋葬:埋藏=使消失:除去 (动词与名词的同义关系)
Synonyms: GRAVE, sepulcher, sepulture, tomb, entombment, inhumation, interment, sepulture
Sample:The mortician prepared the corpse for burial.
burlesque [b\:5lesk] n. 讽刺或滑稽的戏剧
mockery usually by caricature
diatribe:abuse=burlesque:mockery
谩骂:辱骂=滑稽、荒谬的模仿:嘲弄或无礼的模仿（动作体现情感）
doggerel:verse=burlesque:play
打油诗:诗=滑稽戏剧:戏剧（种属关系）
tirade:anger=burlesque:mockery
长篇攻击性演讲:气愤=讽刺滑稽的戏剧:嘲弄 (事物及其表达情感)
Sample:The caricatures he drew always emphasized personal weaknesses of the people he burlesqued.
burnish [5b\:nIF] v. 擦亮，磨光
to make shiny or lustrous especially by rubbing
numb:insensible:burnish:lustrous
使昏迷:无知觉的=磨光:有光泽的 (行为及其结果)
burnish:dull=mar:flawless
磨光:暗淡的=破坏:无缺点的 (行为及其消除对象)
Synonyms: POLISH, buff, furbish, glance, glaze, gloss, rub, shine
Sample:The maid burnished the brass fixtures until they reflected the lamplight.
burrow [5bQrEJ] n. （兔子等）所掘的地洞，v. 挖洞
to construct by tunneling
ditch:canyon=burrow:cavern
沟:峡谷=地洞:大洞（程度类比）
Synonyms: LAIR, couch, den, lodge, HOVEL, hole, SNUGGLE, cuddle, nestle, nuzzle
Sample:Some animals burrow with their paws.
busybody [5bIzIbRdI] n.爱管闲事的人, 好事的人
an officious or inquisitive person
ascetic:self-denial=busybody:intrusive
修道者:禁欲，克己=好管闲事的人:打扰的 【人物及其正面特征】
Synonyms: butt-in, intermeddler, meddler, nose, nosey Parker, prier (or pryer),
snoop
Sample:Like a gadfly, he irritated all the guests at the hotel; within forty eight hours, everyone regarded him as an annoying busybody.
butt [bQt] v.以头抵撞, 碰撞
to thrust or push
head foremost:strike with the head or horns
butt:head=nudge:elbow
以头抵撞:头=用肘轻推:肘 （动作及其身体部位）
Sample:Two goats butted each other.
buttress [5bQtrIs] n.扶墙,拱壁 vt.支持, (以扶壁)扶住
a projecting structure of masonry or wood for supporting or giving stability to a wall or building
strut:wing=buttress:wall
支柱:机翼=扶壁:墙壁 （事物及其支持物）
buttress:wall=bracket:shelf
扶壁:墙壁=支架:架子 （事物及其支持物）
buttress:edifice=splint:limb
扶壁:大厦=夹板:四肢 （事物及其作用对象）
buttress:strength=vaccination:immure
扶墙:强度=接种疫苗:免疫(事物及其增强对象)
challenge<>buttress
挑战<>支持
contravene<>buttress
违反<>支持
Sample:Just as architects buttress the walls of cathedrals with flying buttresses, debates buttress their arguments with facts.
buttress [5bQtrIs] vt.支持, (以扶壁)扶住
to furnish or shore up with a buttress; also :SUPPORT, STRENGTHEN
contravene<>buttress
反对<>支持
Synonyms: SUPPORT, bear up, bolster, brace, carry, prop, sustain, uphold
Sample:Workers buttressed the weak wall with steel beams.
bygone [5baI^Rn] n. 过去的事,往事
gone by:PAST; especially:OUTMODED
Synonyms: OLD-FASHIONED, antiquated, antique, archaic, belated, dated, oldfangled, old-time, out-of-date
Sample:We used to argue all the time, but now we have let bygones be bygones and are friends.
byline [6bai7lain] n. （列作者名字的）报刊文章首行
a line at the beginning of a news story, magazine article, or book giving the writer's name
article:byline=movie:credits
文章:报刊文章首行=电影:字幕 （事物及其特殊部分）
cabal [kE5bAl] n. 徒党,秘密结社,(尤指政治上的)阴谋
the artifices and intrigues of a group of persons secretly united to bring about an overturn or usurpation especially in public affairs
cabal:association=plot:plan
秘密结社:协会=阴谋:计划 （非法与正常）
cabal:association=spat:quarrel
阴谋小集团:协会=小争吵:吵架 (小与正常)
cast:actor=cabal:conspirator
剧团:演员=阴谋集团:阴谋家（组成关系）
Synonyms: PLOT , conspiracy, intrigue, machination, practice, scheme
Sample:The cabal was defeated when its scheme was discovered.
cache [kAF] n.隐藏处所, 隐藏的粮食或物资, 贮藏物
A hiding place used especially for storing provisions.
cache:hidden=summit:inaccessible
隐藏处:隐藏的=顶点:难达到的 (事物及其正面特征)
cache:hoard=summit:inaccessible
储藏物:储藏=最高阶层:难以接近（事物及其特征）
Sample: The detectives followed the suspects until he led them to the cache where he had stored his loot.
Synonyms: HIDE, bury, bush up, conceal, cover, ensconce, plant, screen, secrete, stash
cacophony [kE5kRfEnI] n. 刺耳的声音
harsh or discordant sound:DISSONANCE
cacophony:sound=malodor:scent
不愉快的音调:语音=恶臭:气味 （ 形容词及其修饰对象）
fetid:smell=cacophonous:sound
恶臭的:气味=刺耳的:声音 （ 形容词及其修饰对象）
cacophony:voice=gaucherie:skill
不愉快的音调:语音=笨拙:技巧（ 形容词及其修饰对象）
malodorous:smell=cacophony/jarring:sound
恶臭:气味=刺耳的:声音 （ 形容词及其修饰对象）【注:词性不符】
cacophony:melody=genteel:churl
刺耳的音调:悦耳的音调=上流社会:粗野的人 （反义关系）
cacophonous<>dulcet/euphonious
发音不和谐的<>优美/悦耳的
Synonyms: DISSONANT, cacophonic, discordant, disharmonic, disharmonious, inharmonic, inharmonious, unharmonious, unmusical
Sample:Some people seem to enjoy the cacophony of an orchestra that is tuning up.
cadet [kE`det] n.军官学校学生, <旧俚>(妓院)拉皮条的人
one in training for
a military or naval commission;
especially :a student in a service academy
cadet:veteran=tadpole:frog
军官学校学生:老兵=蝌蚪:青蛙 （年轻与成熟）
Sample:The West Point cadets were immaculate as they
lined up for inspection.
cadge [kAdV] v.行乞，乞求
BEG, SPONGE
cadge<>earn
乞求<>赚得
Synonyms: BEGGAR, bummer, moocher, panhandler
caisson [5keIs(E)n] n. 弹药箱,弹药车,潜水箱(水中工程用)
a usually 2-wheeled vehicle for artillery ammunition attachable to a horse-drawn limber
chevron:badge=caisson:cart
V形袖章:徽章=弹药车:载货车 （种属关系）
cajole [kE5dVEJl] v. （以甜言蜜语）哄骗
to persuade with flattery or gentle urging especially in the face of reluctance:COAX
blandishment:cajole=obstacle:impede
甜言蜜语:哄骗=障碍:阻止（行为及其目的）
wheedle:cajolery=extort:coercion { scourge:possession}
用甜言蜜语骗:诱骗=敲诈:强迫 (行为及其目的)
cajole:reluctant=??
哄骗
: 难得到的 = ?? (行为及其作用对象正面特征）
Synonyms: COAX, blandish, blarney, con, soft-soap, sweet-talk, wheedle
Sample:I will not be cajoled into granting your wish.
calamity [kE5lAmItI] n.灾难, 不幸事件
An event that brings terrible loss, lasting distress, or severe affliction; a disaster:
Synonyms: FATAL, cataclysmic, catastrophic, disastrous, fateful, ruinous
Sample:As news of the calamity spread, offers of relief poured in to the stricken community.
calcify [5kAlsIfaI] vi. 变成石灰质,钙化
to make inflexible or unchangeable
calcification<>flexibility
钙化<>柔软
calcify<>make malleable
使钙化<>使有延展性
calcify<>make pliant/ make more flexible
使硬化<>使柔顺，灵活
calibrate [5kAlIbreIt] vt. 测定口径,校准,查看刻度,划刻度
to determine, rectify, or mark the graduations of
measure:dimensions:calibrate:diameter=gauge:pressure=plumb:depth
量:尺寸=确定口径:直径=测定:压力=测量深度:深度 （动词及其作用对象）
calibrated<>unstandardized
校准的<>不标准的
calibrate<>unsubstantialized
校准的<>不标准的
Sample:The worker calibrated a cutting tool.
calligrapher [kE5lI^rEfE(r)] n. 书法家
one who writes a beautiful
bibliophile:books=gourmet:food {calligrapher:handwriting}
藏书家:书籍=美食家:食物 {书法家:书法}（人及其职业特征）
callous [5kAlEs] adj.无情的, 冷淡的, 硬结的, 起老茧的
a:feeling no emotion
b:feeling no sympathy for others
callous:impassive=dupe:duplicity
使冷淡:冷漠的=欺骗:不诚实 （行为及其结果）
callous:compassion=??
冷漠的:同情心=??（缺乏关系）
callous<>sympathetic
无情冷淡的<>有同情心的
Synonyms: UNFEELING, coldhearted, hardhearted, heartless, obdurate, stony, stonyhearted, uncompassionate, unemotional, unsympathetic
Sample:Our young people, whose keen sensitivities have not yet become calloused, have a purer and more immediate response than we do to our environment.
callow [5kAlEJ] adj．（鸟）未生羽毛的，（人）未成熟的。
lacking adult sophistication:IMMATURE
frank:secretiveness=callow:maturity
坦白的:隐匿=(鸟)未生羽毛的:成熟 （反义关系）
apoplectic:calm=callow:mature
狂怒的:平静的=幼稚:成熟 （反义关系）
callow<>behaving with adult sophistication
年轻而无经验的<>行为富于经验的
callow<>mature
年轻无经验的<>成熟的
Synonyms: INEXPERIENCED, fresh, green, raw, unexperienced, unpracticed, unseasoned, untried, unversed, young
callus [5kAlEs] n. 皮肤的硬结,胼胝,(植物伤口的)愈合组织
a thickening of or a hard thickened area on skin or bark
gully:erosion=callus:friction
小峡谷:冲蚀=皮肤的硬结:摩擦 （因果关系）
Sample:In that youthful movement, the leaders were only a little less callow than their immature followers.
calorie [5kAlErI] n. 卡路里，卡热量的几种大致相等的单位之一
the amount of heat required at a pressure of one atmosphere to raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree Celsius that is equal to about 4.19 joules
power:watt=calorie:heat=decibel:sound=volt:electricity
功率:瓦=卡路里:热量=分贝:声音=伏:电流（事物及其衡量单位）
Sample:Coal is much more calorific than green wood.
calumniate [kE5lQmnIeIt] v. 诽谤，中伤
to utter maliciously false statements, charges, or imputations about
corroborate:evidence=calumniate:falsehood
确证:证据=诽谤:谎言 （利用关系）
calumny:assertion=perjury:testimony
中伤:断言 =伪证:证词 （种属关系）
calumny:representation=perjury:testimony
中伤:陈述 =伪证:证词 （种属关系）
calumniate<>vindicate
诽谤<>维护
calumnious<>flattering
中伤的<>谄媚的
calumny<>approbation
诽谤<>嘉许
Synonyms: MALIGN, asperse, defame, denigrate, libel, scandalize, slander, traduce, vilify, villainize
Sample:He could endure his financial failure, but he could not bear the calumny that his foes heaped upon him.
camaraderie [kAmE5rAdErI] n.同志之爱, 友情
a spirit of friendly good-fellowship
camaraderie<>enmity
友情<>敌意
Synonyms: comradery, good-fellowship
Sample:What he loved best about his job was the sense of camaraderie he and his co-workers shared.
cameo [5kAmIEJ] n. 刻有浮雕的宝石或贝壳 ，一种简要但有戏剧性的重要演员的出场，特写
a:a small piece of sculpture on a stone or shell cut in relief in one layer with another contrasting layer serving as background
b:A brief but dramatic appearance of a prominent actor, as in a single scene of a motion picture.
peccadillo:offense=cameo:sculpture
轻罪:犯罪=小件雕塑:雕塑 （小:正常）
blurb:notice=cameo:appearance
简介:布告=特写:表演出场 （种属） 【注:blurb:A brief publicity notice, as on a book jacket.】
Sample:Tourists are advised not to purchase cameos from the street peddlers of Rome who sell poor specimens of the carver's art.
camouflage [5kAmEflB:V] n. 伪装,隐瞒,幌子
behavior or artifice designed to deceive or hide
malinger:duty=camouflage:detection
装病以逃避工作:责任=掩饰:发现 （逃避关系）
Sample:Soldiers camouflaged themselves to
blend in with the jungle by wearing green uniforms.
candidate [5kAndIdeIt] n. 候选人,投考者
one that aspires to or is nominated or qualified for an office, membership, or award
roster:personnel=slate:candidate
花名册:人员=候选人名单:候选人 (个体与集合关系)
ballot:candidates=??
投票:候选人=??
Synonyms: applicant, aspirant, hopeful, seeker
Sample:Candidates who oppose the present state income tax must be able to propose alternate ways to continue the financing of state operations.
candor [kAndE(r)] n. 坦白,直率
unreserved, honest, or sincere expression:FORTHRIGHTNESS
palter:candor=diehard:budge
敷衍, 支吾:坦白的=顽固分子:改变立场或态度 (事物及其反面特征)【palter 词性不符】
candor:subterfuge=brash:deliberate
直率:托词=仓促:深思熟虑 （反义关系）
artifice<>candor
诡计<>直率
mendacity<>candor
谎言<>坦白
Sample:The "impostor syndrome" often afflicts those who fear that true self-disclosure will lower them in others' esteem; rightly handled, however, candor may actually enhance one's standing.
cane [keIn] n. 拐杖，被用来帮助行走或当作一种饰物而携带的棍子
A stick used as an aid in walking or carried as an accessory
cane:walk=glasses:see
拐杖:行走=眼睛:看 （工具及其辅助对象）
Sample:The old man walks with the aid of a cane.
canon [5kAnEn] n. 教会法规,圣典,准则
a regulation or dogma decreed by a church council
religion:devoutness=canon:orthodoxy
宗教，信仰:虔诚=圣典:正统 （事物及其正面特征）
canon<>apocrypha
正典<>伪经
canonical<>nontraditional
规范的，传统的<>不符合传统的
Synonyms: LAW, assize, decree, decretum, edict, ordinance, precept, regulation, rule, statute
Sample:His bad behavior violates the canons of good conduct.
canopy [5kAnEpI] n.天篷, 遮篷
a cover (as of cloth) fixed or carried above a person of high rank or a sacred object:BALDACHIN
canopy:cover=tag:identify
天篷:遮盖=标签:识别（事物及其作用）
Sample:The canopy over the bed is made of red cloth.
cantankerous [kAn5tANkErEs] adj．脾气坏的，好争吵的
difficult or irritating to deal with
Synonyms: bearish, cankered, cranky, cross-grained, crotchety, ornery, vinegarish, vinegary, waspish, waspy
Sample:Constantly complaining about his treatment and refusing to cooperate with the hospital staff, he was a cantankerous patient.
canvas [5kAnvEs] n. 帆布,画布,油画
a piece of cloth backed or framed as a surface for a painting
canvas:painter=marble:sculptor
画布:油画家=大理石:雕塑家 （人及其工作对象）
easel:canvas=tripod:camera
画架:画布=三角架:照相机（事物及其支持物）
Sample:Because the painter Albert Pinkham Ryder was obsessed with his quest for perfection, he was rarely satisfied with a painting, creating endless variations of a scene on one canvas, one on top of another.