Fly Fishing in Central PA
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 Pennsylvania has more miles of stream than any other state in the continuous US.

The number of fish one catches is directly related to how much time one's line is in the water.

The Water
The limestone streams of central Pennsylvania offer some the best trout fishing in the eastern US.

Streams are the shapers of the Appalachians, little by little they move the mountains and they do it in the spring at high water. 

                    

One of the best known streams in the area is Spruce Creek. Other well known streams include Spring Creek, Penn's Creek, Big Fishing Creek, Elk, and Pine Creek.  The Little Juniata River, "The Little J" can also be very kind.

These streams define the local fishing scene.  Although they are all limestoners each of them has something unique to offer. Spruce Creek is well known for big fat fish and exclusive access. While Penn's Creek is renowned for a monster Green Drake hatch in early summer.

There are 117 miles of Class A trout water in Centre county.   Class A trout waters are parts of streams that sustain  populations of  naturally reproducing trout.  Class A waters are not stocked.

Spring Creek is noted for its highly productive waters and historic chemical pollution. In February 2002 the fish consumption warning was lifted on Spring Creek and the urban tributary Slab Cabin Run. The this will no doubt effect future harvest rules that will impact the trout population but to what extent remains to be seen. In the past one could not approach the stream without running into warning posters.  The posters explained that the fish contained dangerous levels of PCB and Lead and should not be eaten. Pesticides Myrex and Kepone were also said to be lurking at threatening levels. The fish consumption warning has been in effect since 1981 and surly has played a part in shaping harvest policies for Spring Creek.  Under 2002 regulations individuals are allowed to take fish from certain areas of the stream.  The State's advice is to limit consumption to one meal of fish per month if you are not pregnant or a child under 75 pounds. I am going to keep letting them go and I urge you to do the same.
 
 

The Hatches

When the spring hatches start up.  Wow! Get the right bug ( tie it or buy it ) and get in the water!

The Grannom caddis hatch is a sure winner. The trout are hungary and the fly is easy to tie.
All the major hatches in this area will yield great fishing. It's all a matter of how you go about working the hatch. The trout are selective. They are used to being fished. The good thing is that there are a lot of them. They're smart but there is usually one or two dullards that will keep the average bear happy.
 

The Flies

The best way to figure out the bugs is to see a hatch chart for central PA.
A lot of fly shops will have custom recipes for the local streams.
A good web resource for general reference is The Virtual Fly Shop Hatch Guide.

The Fish
 
Brown trout...............Salmo trutta
Brown trout are the most common trout found in central PA's limestone streams. "Brownies" average around 14 inches in length. Brown trout are  native to Germany.  They were introduced to PA in 1886. The distinguishing characteristic of the Brown trout is the pattern of dark unconnected spots on the dorsum. Although, non-native to central PA wild populations are the defining feature of the central PA fishery. 

 
 
Brook trout................Salvelinus fontinalis
Brook trout are the only trout native to Central PA. Wild populations are increasing in local waters due to aggressive stocking programs by the PA fish and boat commission.  Distinguishing characteristics of "Brookies" are narrow white markings on the leading margins of the pectoral and pelvic fins.  Like the Brown trout, The Brook trout also has dark spots on the dorsum but they are connected. These dark markings on the dorsum of a Brook trout are referred to as modeling. 

 
Rainbow trout............Oncorhynchus mykiss
The Rainbow trout is native to California.  Recently the whirling disease epidemic has devastated many populations of rainbow trout in the western US while eastern populations seem thus far uneffected. The pink pigment that runs laterally along the trunk is characteristic of the "Rainbow".  The body is generally sprinkled with distinct black spots. There are very few wild Rainbow trout in PA streams. The great majority of them are stocked hatchery fish. 

The Local Flavor

Opening day around here is a circus.  People are usually camped out along the streams the night before and the whole family usually shows up. This is a true spectacle, it's like this on opening weekend and usually the following weekend as well. When the siege subsides the water opens up for worry free riffle to riffle wadding. However, the well known hot spots are usually well occupied during any hatch.

There is a rather noticeable chasm between the fishing folk in central PA.  The folks who use bait are on one side and the folks who use flies are on the other side.  Each side despises the other and are surprisingly vocal about it. For example, if you are down on the water and you run into a couple of crank baiters and you have a fly rod you might think about walking the other way because they might just let you know what  they think of snobs on their water. I guess its a pride thing.  There is a difference between being a fly fisher and being a successful fisher and the difference involves bait or so I have been notified.

         Curt Miller Can't Fish

This bitter insult adorns the wall of the men's restroom at a local bar.
You know that there is a strong fishing culture here, cause thems fightin' words.
 

Books on PA Fly fishing

    Trout Streams of Pennsylvania: An Anglers Guide by Dwight Landis

    Flyfisher's Guide To Pennsylvania (Flyfisher's Guide Series) by Dave Wolf

    Trout Unlimited's Guide to Pennsylvania Limestone Streams by A. Joseph Armstrong

    Mid-Atlantic Trout Streams and Their Hatches by Charles R. Meck, et al

    Penn's Creek River Journal by Daniel Shields

 
Links
 
     State Agency  PA Fish and Boat Commission 
     Destination fly shops in central PA.
     (incomplete listing)

  The Feathered Hook (Penn's Creek) 

  Flyfishers Paradise (Spring Creek) 

  Fred Reese's Trout Shop (Pine Creek) 

  Spruce Creek Outfitters (Spruce Creek) 

 

     General fly fishing reference on the web.
   PA fly fishing web site 

  The Virtual Fly Shop