Lucas Text Study Guide - Chaps. 1-10

Chapter 1

Four similarities between public speaking and everyday conversation.

Organizing Thoughts

Tailoring Message

Telling Story for Impact

 Adapting to Feedback

Three key differences between public speaking and everyday conversation.

Public Speaking More Structured

Public Speaking More Formal

 Public Speaking Requires Different Delivery

Book's Major Points about Dealing with Nervousness.

Elements of the Speech Communication Process: 

Speaker,

Message,

Channel,

Listener,

Feedback,

Interference,

Situation.

Why cultural diversity is a key issue for public speakers.

Ethnocentrism

Chapter 2

Four guidelines for ethical speaking.

Goals

Preparation

Honesty

Avoid Abusive Language

Global plagiarism, patchwork plagiarism, incremental plagiarism.

Three guidelines for ethical listening.

Be Courteous and Attentive

Avoid Prejudging

Maintain Freedom of Expression

Chapter 3

Four kinds of listening.

Appreciative

Empathic

Comprehensive

Critical

Four causes of poor listening.

Not Concentrating

Listening Too Hard

Jumping to Conclusions

Judging Based on Appearance & Delivery

Tips for becoming a better listener.

Take Listening Seriously

Resist Distractions

Don’t Be Diverted by Appearance or Delivery

Suspend Judgment

Focus Listening for Main Points, Evidence, Technique

Develop Note-Taking Skills

Difference Between Hearing & Listening

Chapter 4

General Purpose.

Inform

Persuade

Entertain

Specific Purpose.

Tips for formulating Specific Purpose.

Full Phrase

Statement, Not Question

Avoid Figures of Speech

Limit to One Idea

Not to Vague or General

Questions to ask about your Specific Purpose.

Central Idea.

What makes a well-worded central idea.

Full Sentence

Not a Question

Avoid Figures of Speech

Not Too Vague or General

Chapter 5

Audience-centeredness:  the primary purpose of speechmaking.

Audiences are egocentric.

Categories of demographic audience analysis.

Age

Gender

Racial or Ethnic Background

Religion

Group Membership

Situational audience analysis characteristics.

Size

Physical Setting

Disposition Toward Topic

Disposition Toward Speaker

Disposition Toward Occasion

Types of audience survey questions.

Fixed Alternative

Scale

Open-Ended

Audience adaptation before and during speech.

Chapter 6

Sources of Information:  Personal Knowledge, Library Research, Web, Interviewing.

How to find interest groups for research.

How to find government bulletins for research.

Information available in computer catalogue listings.

Types of resources available in the reference section, & what you could find in each.

Browsers

Search Engines

Narrowing Keyword Searches

Bookmarks

Specialized Resources

Government Resources

Reference Resources

Periodical Resources

News Resources

Multicultural Resources

Evaluating Internet Documents

Authorship

Sponsorship

Recency

Interviewing - Questions to Avoid

Tips for Interviewing

Taking Notes Efficiently

Information to put on each note card.

Chapter 7

Types of supporting materials.

Examples, Statistics, Testimony

Three types of examples. 

Brief

Extended (Illustrations)

Hypothetical

Tips for use of examples.

Tests for evaluating statistics: representative, appropriate use of measures [mean, median, mode], reliable source.

Tips for using statistics.

Two types of testimony.

Guide for deciding whether to quote or paraphrase.

Chapter 8

Tips for preparing main points:  Number and Order.

Separate Points

 Similar Wording

 Balance Time on Each

Types of Connectives.

Transitions

Internal Previews

Summaries

Signposts

From "Structuring" Handout.

Types of organization patterns.

Chapter 9

Ways to gain attention and interest.

Relate to Audience

State Importance of Topic

Startle Audience

Arouse Curiosity

Question

Quotation

Story

Tips for preparing the introduction.

Two major functions of the conclusion

Ways to reinforce the central idea in the conclusion.

Chapter 10

Guidelines for the Preparation Outline

Methods of symbolization and indentation

Stating main points and subpoints in full sentence.

Guidelines for the Speaking Outline.

Lecture on Performance Situation

Exaggeration

Timing

Meeting Requirements of Space

Meeting Leadership Expectations of Audience

Guiding Audience Through Presentation

Lentz's 100A Main Page

Lentz's Personal Page