Patents

P. A. Backman, and S. Tuzun. 1999. Induced Systemic Resistance of plants to pathogenic microorganisms. U.S. Patent No. 5,888,501.

P. A. Backman, R. Rodriguez-Kabana. N. B. Kokalis. 1996. Method of controlling foliar microorganism populations. U. S. Patent No. 5,288,488.

Refereed Journal and Book Publications (* indicates a book chapter)

Stevens, C., V. Khan, R. Rodriguez-Kabana, L. Ploper, P.A. Backman, D. Collins, J.E. Brown, M. Wilson, & E. Igwegbe. 2003. Integration of Soil Solarization with Chemical, Biological and Cultural Control for the Management of Soilborne Diseases of Vegetables. Plant and Soil 253:493-506.

Elliott, M., E. Des Jardin, W. Batson, J. Caceres, P. Brannedn, C. Howell, M. Benson, K. Conway, D. Rothrock, R. Schneider, B. Ownley, C. Canaday, A. Keinath, D. Huber, D. Sumner, C. Motsenbocker, P. Thaxton, M. Cubeta, P. Adams, P. Backman, J. Fajardo, M. Newman, and R. Pereira. 2001. Viability and Stability of Biological Control Agents Used for Disease Management on Cotton and Snap Bean Seeds. Pest Management Science 57:695-706.

Keinath A., W. Batson, J. Caceres, M. Elliott, D Sumner, P. Brannen, C. Rothrock, D. Huber, M. Benson, K. Conway, R. Schneider, C. Molsenbocker, M. Cubeta, B. Ownley, C. Canaday, P. Adams, P. Backman, and J. Fajardo. 2000. Evaluation of biological seed treatments to improve stand of snap bean across the southern United States. Crop Protection 19(7):501-509.

*Wilson, M.A. and P.A. Backman. 1999. Biological Control of Plant Pathogens. In: Handbook of Pest Management. J. R. Ruberson, Ed. Marcel Dekker, N.Y.

*Backman, P.A., M. Wilson and J.F. Murphy. 1998. Bacteria for Biological Control of Plant Diseases. Pp 95-109. In: Environmentally safe approaches to plant disease control. N.A. Rechcigl and J.E. Rechcigl Eds. CRC/Lewis Press, Boca Raton, FL, 386 p.

Bauske, E.M., P. A. Backman, K.M. Harper, P.M. Brannen, R. Rodriguez-Kabana, & J. W. Kloepper. 1997. Effect of Botanical Aromatic Compounds and Seed-surface pH on Growth and Colonization of Cotton Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria. Biocontrol Science & Technology 7:415-421.

*Backman, P.A. 1997. Agricultural Pesticide Inputs: Now and into the 21st Century. Pp 93-99, In: Proceedings of the RCA III Symposium on Crop and Livestock Technologies. The Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa.

*Backman, P. A., and J. C. Jacobi. 1997. Developing thresholds for plant disease management. Pp 114-127 In: Economic Thresholds for Integrated Pest Management. L. Higley and L. Pedigo eds. University of Nebraska Press 356 p.

*Backman, P.A. and T.B. Brenneman. 1997. Stem Rot. Pp 36-37 In: Compendium of peanut diseases, 2nd Ed. Kokalis-Burelle, N., et al Eds. APS Press, St. Paul 94 p.

*Backman, P.A. 1997. Bacillus subtilis. Pp 73-74 In: Compendium of peanut diseases, 2nd Ed. Kokalis-Burelle, N., et al eds. APS Press, St. Paul 94 p.

Zidack, N.K. and P. A. Backman. 1996. Biological Control of Kudzu (Pueraria lobata), with the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola. Weed Science 44:645-649.

Jacobi, J. C., P. A. Backman, and D. P. Davis. 1995. AU-Pnuts leaf spot advisory I: Development of a weather-based system to time leaf spot fungicide applications. Plant Disease 79:666-671.

Jacobi, J. C., and P. A. Backman. 1995. AU-Pnuts leaf spot advisory II: Modification of the rule based system for a partially resistant peanut cultivar. Plant Disease 79:672-676.

*Melouk, H., and P.A. Backman. 1995. Management of Soilborne Fungal Pathogens. Pgs. 75-82. In: Peanut Health Management. H. A. Melouk and F. M. Shokes, Eds. APS Press, St. Paul MN, 117p.

*Backman, P. A., Phillip M. Brannen, and Walter F. Mahaffee. 1994. Plant response and disease control following seed inoculation with Bacillus subtilis. Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria . pp. 3-8. Adelaide, South Australia.

Runion, G.G., Curl, E.A., H.H. Rogers, P. A. Backman, R. Rodriguez-Kabana, and B. E. Helms. 1994. Effects of free-air CO₂ enrichment on microbial populations in the rhizosphere and phyllosphere of cotton. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 70:117-130.

*Brannen, Phillip M. and Paul A. Backman. 1994. Suppression of Fusarium wilt of cotton with Bacillus subtilis hopper box formulations. Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria. pp. 83-85. Adelaide, S. Australia.

Jacobi, J. C., and P. A. Backman. 1994. Comparison of yield, value and seed quality factors of Florunner and Southern Runner peanut. Peanut Sci. 21:28-34.

Moar, William, John T. Trumble, Robert H. Hice, and Paul A. Backman. 1994. Insecticidal Activity of the CryIIA Protein from the NRD-12 Isolate of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki Expressed in Escherichia coli and Bacillus thuringiensis and in a Leaf-Colonizing Strain of Bacillus cereus. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 60-3:896-902.

Davis, D. P., J. C. Jacobi, and P. A. Backman. 1993. 24-hour Rainfall, A Simple Variable for Predicting Peanut Leaf Spot Epidemics. Plant Dis. 77-7:722-725.

Jacobsen, Barry J., P. A. Backman. 1993. Biological and Cultural Plant Disease Controls: Alternatives and Supplements to Chemicals in IPM Systems. Plant Dis. 77-3:311-315.

Mahaffee, W. F., and Paul A. Backman. 1993. Effects of Seed Factors on Spermosphere and Rhizosphere Colonization of Cotton by Bacillus subtilis GBO3. Phytopathology 83:1120-1125.

Kokalis-Burelle, N., P. A. Backman, Rodrigo Rodríquez-Kábana, and L. Daniel Ploper 1992. Potential for Biological Control of Early Leafspot of Peanut Using Bacillus cereus and Chitin as Foliar Amendments. Biological Control 3:321-328.

*Backman, P. A., and Jacobsen, B. J. 1992. Soybean Disease Management: Chemical and Biological Control in Temperate Regions. pp. 155-163. In Pest Management in Soybean. (L. G. Copping, M. B. Green, and R. T. Rees, eds.). Elsevier Applied Science, London. 369 p.

*Ploper, L. D., and Backman, P. A. 1992. Nature and Management of Fungal Diseases Affecting Soybean Stems, Pods, and Seeds. pp. 174-184. In Pest Management in Soybean. Elsevier Applied Science, London. 369 p.

Davis, R. F., Backman, P. A., Rodríguez-Kábana, R., and Kokalis-Burelle, N. 1992. Biological control of apple fruit diseases by Chaetomium globosum formulations containing cellulose. Biological Control 2:118-123.

Zidack, N. K., Backman, P. A., and Shaw, J. J. 1992. Promotion of bacterial infection of leaves by an organosilicone surfactant:: implications for biological weed control. Biological Control 2:111-117.

Herbert, D. A., Jr., Mack, T. P., Backman, P. A., and Rodríguez-Kábana, R. 1992. Validation of a model for estimating leaf-feeding by insects in soybean. Crop Protection 11:27-34.

Kloepper, J. W., Mahaffee, W., McInroy, J. A., and Backman, P. A. 1991. Comparative analysis of methods for recovering plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria from roots. Can. J. Microbiol. 37:953-957.

*Mahaffee, W. F., Backman, P. A., and Shaw, J. J. 1991.Visualization of root colonization by rhizobacteria using a luciferase marker. In: PGPR Progress and Prospects. C. Keel, B. Koller, and G. Défago, eds. IOBC/WPRS Bulletin XIV/8:248-251.

*Kloepper, J. W., Mahaffee, W., McInroy, J. A., and Backman, P. A. 1991. Comparative analysis of isolation methods for recovering root-colonizing bacteria from roots. In: PGPR Progress and Prospects. C. Keel, B. Koller, and G. Défago, eds. IOBC/WPRS Bulletin XIV/8:252-255.

*Mahaffee, W. F. and Backman, P. A. 1991. Effects of seed factors on colonization of cotton cultivars by Bacillus subtilis GB-03. In: PGPR Progress and Prospects. C. Keel, B. Koller, and G. Défago, eds. IOBC/WPRS Bulletin XIV/8:346-349.

Turner, J. T. and Backman, P. A. 1991. Factors relating to peanut yield increases after seed treatment with Bacillus subtilis. Plant Dis. 75:347-353.

**Sinclair, J. B., and P. A. Backman (eds.). 1989. Compendium of Soybean Diseases, 3rd Ed. American Phytopathological Soc., St. Paul, MN. 106 p.

*Backman, P. A., D. C. McGee, and G. Morgan-Jones. 1989. Stem Canker. pp 41-43. In: Compendium of Soybean Diseases, 3rd Ed. (J. B. Sinclair and P. A. Backman, eds.). American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN. 106 p

*Jacobsen, B. J., and P. A. Backman. 1989. Soybean Disease Management Strategies. pp. 94-100. In Compendium of Soybean Diseases, 3rd Ed. (J. B. Sinclair and P. A. Backman, eds.). American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN. 106 p.

Smith, E. F., and P. A. Backman. 1989. Epidemiology of southern stem canker: effect of time of inoculum application on disease severity. Plant Disease 73:464-468.

Turner, J. T., and P. A. Backman. 1989. Severity, distribution, and losses from taproot cankers caused by Rhizoctonia solani in peanuts. Peanut Science 15:73-75.

*Smith, E. F., and P. A. Backman. 1988. Soybean Stem Canker: An Overview. In Soybean Diseases of the North Central Region. T. D. Wylie, ed. APS Press, St. Paul, MN. pp. 47-55.

Weaver, D. B., S. A. Sedham, E. F. Smith, and P. A. Backman. 1988. Screening for resistance to stem canker in soybean. Crop Sci.. 28:626?630.

Rodríguez-Kábana, R., H. Ivey, and P. A. Backman. 1987. Peanut?cotton rotations for the management of Meloidogyne arenaria. J. of Nematology. 19(4):484-486.

Herbert, D. A., R. Rodríguez-Kábana, P. A. Backman, and T. P. Mack. 1987. Effects of aldicarb on nematodes, early season insect pests, and yield of soybean. Annals of Applied Nematology 1:78-83.

Davis, N. D., R. J. Cole, J. W. Dorner, J. D. Weete, P. A. Backman, E. M. Clark, C. C. King, S. P. Schmidt, and U. L. Diener. 1986. Steroid metabolites of Acremonium coenophialum. J. Agric. Food Chem. 34:105-108.

*Backman, P. A. 1986. Evaluation of fungicides applied through irrigation systems for control of diseases on peanuts. pp. 221?223. In Methods for Evaluating Pesticides for Control of Plant Pathogens. Am. Phytopathological Soc., St. Paul. 312 p.

Backman, P. A., D. B. Weaver, and G. Morgan-Jones. 1985. Soybean Stem Canker: An emerging problem. Plant Disease 69:641-647.

*Backman, P. A., D. B. Weaver, and G. Morgan-Jones. 1985. Etiology, Epidemiology, and Control of Stem Canker. pp. 589?597. In Proc. World Soybean Research Congress III (R. Shibles, Ed.). Westview Press, Boulder, CO 1262 p.

Weaver, D. B., B. H. Cosper, P. A. Backman, and M. A. Crawford. 1984. Soybean Stem Canker: cultivar resistance to field infestations. Plant Disease 68:877-879.

Backman, P. A. 1984. Relationship between yield loss and severity of early and late leafspot diseases of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.). Phytopathology 74:1101-1103.

Williams, M. J., P. A. Backman, M. A. Crawford, S. P. Schmidt, and C. C. King. 1984. Chemical control of the tall fescue endophyte and its relationship to animal performance. New Zealand J. Exp. Agr. Res. 12:165-171.

Pedersen, J. F., M. J. Williams, E. M. Clark, and P. A. Backman. 1984. Indications of yearly variation of Acremonium coenophialum in seed from a permanent tall fescue sward. Crop Science 24:367-368.

*Backman, P. A. 1984. Stem rot of peanuts. pp. 15?16. In A Compendium of Peanut Diseases (M. Porter, Ed.) Am. Phytopathological Soc., St. Paul 73 p

Williams, M. J., P. A. Backman, E. M. Clark, and J. F. White. 1984. Seed treatments for the control of the tall fescue endophyte Acremonium coenophialum. Plant Disease 68:49-52.

Backman, P. A., M. A. Crawford, and J. M. Hammond. 1984. Comparison of meteorological and standardized timings of fungicide applications for soybean disease control. Plant Disease 68:44-46.

Backman, P. A., J. C. Williams, and M. A. Crawford. 1982. Yield losses in soybeans from anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum truncatum. Plant Disease 66:1032-1034.

*Backman, P. A. 1982. Cercospora, Brown Spot, and Anthracnose. pp. 10?14. In Compendium of Soybean Diseases, 2nd Ed. (J. B. Sinclair, Ed.) Am Phytopathological Soc., St. Paul, 104 pp.

Backman, P. A. and J. M. Hammond. 1981. Suppression of peanut stem rot with the insecticide chlorpyrifos. Peanut Science 8:129?130.

Rehim, M. A. Abd El, P. A. Backman, R. Rodríguez-Kábana, and M. A. Crawford. 1981. Peanut seed treatment with hot calcium hydroxide solutions. Peanut Science 8:32-35.

Backman, P. A., R. Rodríguez-Kábana, M. C. Caulin, E. Beltramini, and N. Ziliane. 1981. Utilization of the soil tray technique to predict disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii in sugar beet. Plant Disease 65:419-421.

Rodríguez-Kábana, R., M. K. Beute, and P. A. Backman. 1980. A method for determining numbers of viable sclerotia of Sclerotium rolfsii in soil. Phytopathology 70:917-919.

Backman, P. A., R. Rodríguez-Kábana, J. M. Hammond, and D. L. Thurlow. 1979. Cultivar, environment, and fungicide effects on foliar disease losses in soybeans. Phytopathology 69:562-564.

Rodríguez-Kábana, R., M. K. Beute, and P. A. Backman. 1979. Effect of dibromochloropropane fumigation on the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii and on the incidence of southern blight in the field-grown peanuts. Phytopathology 69:1219-1222.

Rodríguez-Kábana, R., P. A. Backman, P. S. King, and J. M. Hammond. 1979. Evaluation of several methods of application for DBCP on peanuts. Nematropica 9(1):48-54.

*Backman, P. A. 1978. Fungicide formulation: Effects on biological activity. Ann. Rev. Phytopathology 16:211-237.

*Rodríguez-Kábana, R., P. A. Backman, and E. A. Curl. 1977. Control of seed and soil-borne plant diseases. pp. 117-162. In Malcolm Siegal (ed.). Antifungal Compounds. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, NY.

Backman, P. A., R. Rodríguez-Kábana, and G. Buchanan. 1977. Effects of oxidiazon and dinoseb on stem rot in peanuts. Weed Science 25:260-263.

*Backman, P. A. and R. Rodríguez-Kábana. 1977. Predisposition of peanuts to disease and suppression of Sclerotium rolfsii by pesticides: The role of antagonists. pp. 209-214. In Current Topics in Plant Pathology. Academic Press (Budapest).

Backman, P. A. and E. M. Clark. 1977. Effect of carbofuran and other pesticides on vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae in peanuts. Nematropica 7(1):13-17.

Backman, P. A., J. D. Harper, J. M. Hammond, and E. M. Clark. 1977. Antifeeding effects of the fungicide guazatine on insect defoliators of soybean and peanuts. J. Econ. Entomology 70:374-376.

Buchanan, G. A., P. A. Backman, and R. Rodríguez-Kábana. 1977. Influence of oxidiazon on peanuts and weeds. Peanut Science 4:37-41.

Hammond, J. M., P. A. Backman, and J. A. Lyle. 1976. Peanut foliar fungicides: Relationship between leafspot control and kernel quality. Peanut Science 3:70-72.

Backman, P. A. and J. M. Hammond. 1976. Germination losses associated with delayed application of seed treatment fungicides. Plant Disease Reporter 60:1-3.

Rodríguez-Kábana, R., and P. A. Backman. 1976. Antifungal activity of the nematicide ethoprop. Plant Disease Reporter 60:255-259.

Backman, P. A. and R. Rodríguez-Kábana. 1976. Development of a medium for the selective isolation of Sclerotium rolfsii. Phytopathology 66:234-236.

Rodríguez-Kábana, R., P. A. Backman, and G. W. Karr, Jr. 1976. Effects of the nematicide Fensulfothion on soilborne pathogens. Plant Disease Reporter 60:521-524.

Backman, P. A., G. D. Munger, and A. F. Marks. 1976. The effects of particle size and distribution on performance of the fungicide Chlorothalonil. Phytopathology 66:1242-1245.

Backman, P. A., R. Rodríguez-Kábana, and J. C. Williams. 1975. The effect of peanut leafspot fungicides on the non-target pathogen, Sclerotium rolfsii. Phytopathology 65:773-776.

Backman, P. A. and R. Rodríguez-Kábana. 1975. A system for the growth and delivery of biological control agents to the soil. Phytopathology 65:819-821.

Rodríguez-Kábana, R., P. A. Backman, and C. McLeod. 1975. A soil plate method for rapid screening of pesticides against Sclerotium rolfsii. Plant Disease Reporter 59:439-442.

Rodríguez-Kábana, R., and P. A. Backman. 1975. Applications of sodium azide for control of soilborne pathogens in potatoes. Plant Disease Reporter 59:528-532.

Rodríguez-Kábana, R., P. A. Backman, and J. C. Williams. 1975. Determination of yield losses to Sclerotium rolfsii in peanut fields. Plant Disease Reporter 59:855-858.

Rodríguez-Kábana, R., P. A. Backman, and Elizabeth A. Wiggins. 1974. Determination of sclerotial populations of Sclerotium rolfsii in soil by a rapid flotation-sieving technique. Phytopathology 64:610-615.

Clark, E. M., P. A. Backman, and R. Rodríguez-Kábana. 1974. Resistance of Cercospora arachidicola and Cercosporidium personatum to benomyl in Alabama peanut fields. Phytopathology 64:1476-1477.

Rodríguez-Kábana, R., and P. A. Backman. 1973. Comparative study of sucrose vs. molasses for the extraction of soil nematodes by the flotation method. Nematropica 3:3-7.

Backman, P. A. and J. E. DeVay. 1971. Mode of action and biogenesis of the phytotoxin syringomycin. Physiological Plant Pathology 1:215-233.

Sinden, S. L., J. E. DeVay, and P. A. Backman. 1971. The nature of the wide-spectrum antibiotic produced by pathogenic strains of Pseudomonas syringae. Physiological Plant Pathology 1:199-214.

Backman P. A. 1970. The mode of action and further characterization of the phytotoxin syringomycin. Ph.D. Thesis, University of California, Davis. 72 p.

Penner, D. E., J. E. DeVay, and P. A. Backman. 1969. Effect of syringomycin on ribonucleic acid synthesis. Plant Physiology 44:806-808.

Moller, W. J., J. E. DeVay, and P. A. Backman. 1969. Effect of some ecological factors on Ceratocystis canker in stone fruits. Phytopathology 59:938-942.

DeVay, J. E., S. L. Sinden, F. L. Lukezic, L. F. Warenfels, and P. A. Backman. 1968. Poria root and crown rot of cherry. Phytopathology 58:1239-1241.

Major Non-Refereed Publications

Fajardo, J.E., and P. A. Backman. 1997. Evaluation of in-furrow fungicides for control of seedling disease in cotton, 1996. Fungicide Nematicide Tests. 52:256.

Burkett, J.E. and P.A. Backman. 1997. Evaluation of rate and timing of fungicide applications for control of soilborne peanut diseases, 1995. Fungicide Nematicide Tests 52:263.

Burkett, J.E. and P.A. Backman. 1997. Evaluation of Moncut and ICIA5504 for control of soilborne diseases. 1995. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 52:264.

Farardo, J.E., and P.A. Backman. 1997. Timing of application and combinations of fungicides for control of peanut leaf spot, 1996. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 52:265.

Fajardo, J.E., and P.A. Backman. 1997. Effect of application number and tank mixes of fungicides for management of peanut diseases, 1996. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 52:267.

Fajardo, J.E., and P.A. Backman. 1997. Comparison of calendar and AU-Pnuts advisory program for timing of fungicide sprays to control foliar and soilborne diseases in peanut. 1996. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 52:266.

Farjardo, J.E., and P.A. Backman. 1997. Screening of fungicides for foliar and soilborne disease resistance management programs in peanut, 1996. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests. 52:268.

Fajardo, J.E. and P.A. Backman. 1997. Triazole fungicides and different formulations of chlorothalonil for disease resistance management programs in peanut, 1996. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 52:269.

Fajardo, J.E. and P.A. Backman. 1997. Evaluation of registered and non-registered fungicides for control of diseases in peanut, 1996. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 52: 270.

Jacobi, J.C. and P.A. Backman. 1995. Comparison of fungicides for management of peanut diseases, Fungicide Nematicide Tests. 50:259.

Jacobi, J.C. and P.A. Backman. 1995. Control of peanut leafspot with various formulations of chlorothalonil. Fungicide Nematicide Tests. 50:258

Jacobi, J.C. and P.A. Backman. 1995. Evaluation of in-furrow fungicides for control of cotton seedling diseases. Fungicide Nematicide Tests 50:242.

Jacobi, J. C., and P. A. Backman. 1994. Evaluation of chlorothalonil fungicides for control of early and late leaf spot of peanut. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 9:254.

Jacobi, J. C., and P. A. Backman. 1994. Evaluation of fungicides for control of foliar and soilborne diseases of peanut. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 49:255.

Seebold, K. W. and P. A. Backman. 1994. Effects of adjuvants and applications methods on fungicide performance in peanut. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 49:261.

Jacobi, J. C., and P. A. Backman. 1993. Evaluation of chlorothalonil fungicides for the control of foliar diseases of peanut. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 48:275.

Jacobi, J. C., and P. A. Backman. 1993. Evaluation of fluazinam and ASC-67049 for suppression of soilborne diseases of peanut Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 48:276.

Seebold, K. W., J. C. Jacobi and P. A. Backman. 1993. Evaluation of Fungicides for control of soilborne diseases of peanut. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 48:283.

Ploper, L. D., P. A. Backman, and R. Rodríguez-Kábana. 1992. Enhanced natural biological control of apple fruit diseases by application of biopolymers, 1990. Biological and Cultural Tests 7:3.

Ploper, L. D., and P. A. Backman. 1992. Effects of soil mulch, row cover, and biological and chemical foliar treatments on early blight of tomato, 1991. Biological and Cultural Tests 7:38.

Stevens, C., V. A. Khan, D. J. Collins, R. Rodríguez-Kábana, L. D. Ploper, O. Adeyeye, J. E. Brown, and P. A. Backman. 1992. Effects of soil solarization on early blight, southern blight, and root-knot on tomato, 1990-1991. Biological and Cultural Tests 7:43.

Jacobi, J. C., and P. A., Backman. 1992. Evaluation of foliar fungicides for control of soilborne and foliar diseases of peanut. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests. 47:230.

Jacobi, J. C., and P. A., Backman. 1992. Evaluation of experimental fungicides for suppression of soilborne diseases of peanut. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests. 47:231.

Jacobi, J. C., and P. A. Backman. 1992. Evaluation of biological control agents for suppression of soilborne diseases of peanut, 1991. Biological and Cultural Tests 7:64.

Jacobi, J. C., and P. A., Backman. 1991. Evaluation of timing sterol inhibiting fungicides to control peanut diseases. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests. 46:257.

Jacobi, J. C., and P. A., Backman. 1991. Evaluation of fungicide timing to control both soilborne and foliar diseases of peanut. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests. 46:258.

Jacobi, J. C., and P. A. Backman. 1990. Insertion of sterol inhibiting fungicides into a chlorothalonil spray schedule to optimize peanut disease control and yield. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 45:214.

Jacobi, J. C., and P. A. Backman. 1989. Evaluation of fungicides for control of peanut diseases. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 44:186.

Jacobi, J. C., and P. A. Backman. 1989. Evaluation of fungicides for suppression of southern stem rot on peanuts. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 44:187.

Kokalis, N. M., and P. A. Backman. 1989. Evaluation of fungicides for control of leafspot and white mold. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 44:190.

Crawford, M. A., and P. A. Backman. 1987. Evaluation of fungicides and application timing for control of peanut stem rot, 1986. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 42:127-128.

Crawford, M. A., and P. A. Backman. 1987. Evaluation of fungicides for the control of peanut diseases, 1986. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 42:128.

Turner, J. T., and P. A. Backman. 1986. Quantum 4000 (Bacillus subtilis) as a bacterial seed treatment of peanuts. p. 49. In Cultural and Biological Tests. Am. Phytopathological Soc.

Williams, M. J. and P. A. Backman. 1985. Activity of Prochloraz 400 EC against the tall fescue endophyte, 1984. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 40:175.

Crawford, M. A. and P. A. Backman. 1985. Control of peanut diseases with sterol inhibitor fungicides, 1984. Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 40:150.