Say only what needs to be said. The author who is frugal with words not only writes a more readable manuscript but also increases the chances that the manuscript will be accepted. Editors oflen work with limited numbers of printed pages and therefore often request authors to shorten submitted papers. You can tighten overly long papers by eliminating redundance, wordiness, jargon, evasiveness, circumlocution, and clumsiness. -American Psychological Association Manual of Style (33)

Be brief Wordiness usually adds nothing but confusion, and the resulting paper is very expensive to typeset and to print. -American Chemical Society Style Guide

Omit needless words. Vigorous writing is concise. A sentence should contain no unnecessary words, a paragraph no unnecessary sentences, for the same reason that a drawing should have no unnecessay lines and a machine no unnecessary parts. -The Elements of Style

Ways to Reduce Wordiness

• change passive voice to active
• substitute a strong verb for a weak one
• delete redundant words or phrases
• delete unnecessary words or phrases
• consider revision wherever you see long strings of prepositional phrases
• rephrase a particularly ponderous clause or sentence by asking what, at the simplest level, is happening in the sentence
• Routine Condensing
• owing to the fact that<-->because due to the fact that--because
• subsequent to--after in the near future--soon at the present time--now
• by means of--by in order to--to
• it appears that--apparently in consequence of this fact--therefore
• a very limited number of--few
• in spite of the fact that--although in connection with--about in view of the fact that---since
• is able to--can
• it was then that--then
• while it is true that--although
• the fact that I had arrived--my arrival
• his lack of success--his failure
• small in size--small
• one and the same--the same
• summarize briefly--summarize
• the results tend to suggest--the results suggest
• fewer in number--fewer
• throughout the entire experiment--throughout the experiment
• very unique--unique
• have an influence on--influence
• Note that relative clauses starting with who, which, or that can often be reduced.
  

There are at least two larger opportunities that exist in this area.

Faculty who arc invited to particpate on the panel attend two meetings.

State College, which is located in the center of the state, is a little remote.

Redundancy: first introduced flawless perfection a new innovation

1.There will not be an attempt made to solve this problem, which is very difficult.

2.This is not surprising when one considers the history of this movement.

3.It is my speculation that the opponents of new historicism are still fighting a battle that they cannot possibly win.

4.The survey was sent to faculty at all campuses of the Penn State University system.

5.If patients are unable to decide for themselves regarding medical decisions, family members may express the patient's wishes.

6.Developed countries are receiving graduate students in increasing numbers every year from underdeveloped countries.

7.The author took part in the creation and implementation of the study and in particular in the design of the survey instrument.