From Mao to Deng:  Emerging into the Light

I. Nixon's Visit (February 21, 1972)
       A. The Trip
       B. Diplomatic Goals
              1. Shanghai Communiqué (Feb. 28, 1972) [full text]
                     1) No hegemony
                     2) No third parties
                     3) Shared opposition to spheres of interest
                     4) One China and Taiwan is part of China
               2. Regional Security
                     a. Japan and South Korea
                     b. Rapid acceleration of Sino-Japanese Relations
              3. Detente: "a relaxing or easing of tensions between two rivals"
       C. Personal Diplomacy
              1. Mao and Nixon
              2. Zhou and Kissinger
       C. Bright Future
              1.  Pres. Nixon Re-elected (1972)
              2.  Paris Peace Accords
              3. February 1973 - liaison offices
              4. Dark Conclusions
                     - Watergate
                     - Zhou Enlai's cancer

II.  Mao's Decision
         A. Lin Biao's Death (1971)
         B. 1972
                  1. Zhou Enlai
                  2. Jiang Qing
                  3. Yao Wenyuan
                  4. Zhang Chunqiao
                  5. Wang Hongwen
                  6. Hua Guofen/Wu De
                  7. Deng Xiaoping

III. Mao's Fatal Flaw
         A. Warring Factions
                  1. "Gang of Four" vs. Zhou Enlai
                           a. Kissinger Visit
                           b. Criticize Lin Biao and Confucius"
                           c. End of Wang Hongwen
         B. Rise of Hua Guofeng
                  1. Neither radical nor old-guard
                  2. Cultural Revolution's Legacy
                  3. Zhou Enlai's Death

         C. Deathwatch:  September 9, 1976

IV. The Waiting
         A. Deng Xiaoping's Return
                  1. Jiang Qing's reaction

         B. The End
                  1. The End of the Gang of Four
                  2. Deng Xiaoping - Four Modernizations

 

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